Messier 27 (M27)
Common Name: Dumbbell Nebula
Also Known as: NGC 6853, Apple Core Nebula, Diabolo Nebula, NGC 6853
Object Type: Planetary Nebula
Constellation: Vulpecula
Distance from Earth: 1,360 light years
Apparent Magnitude: 7.5
Coordinates: RA 19H 59M 36.34S DEC 22 deg 43 min 16.09 sec
Actual Size: 2.88 light years in diameter.
Apparent Dimensions: 8 arc-minutes x 5.6 arc-minutes
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Environmental Data
Date: September 4, 2021 Start Time: 8:40PM End Time: 2:03AM SQM: 19.31
Moon Age: 27.1 days Moonrise: 3:10AM Moon Illumination: 6.8%
Temperature: 69 degrees F Humidity: 73% Dew Point: 60 degrees F
Location: Westport, Massachusetts 02790 Sky Condition: Clear
Comment: Weather called for clouds shortly after midnight so imaged M27 since this could be done with the available time.
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Imaging Scope Data
Mount: iOptron CEM120 Camera: ZWO ASI071 OSC Focuser: Optec QuickSync FT20
Telescope: Celestron 11 inch SCT Edge Focal Length: 1960mm
Focal Reducer/Field Flattener: 0.7 focal reducer Filter: None
Rotator: Pegasus Falcon Power Control: Pegasus Ultimate Powerbox V2 Dew Heater: Kendrick dew strip
Imaging Software
Mount: iOptron Commander Focuser: Optec FocusLynx Commander
Imaging: Sequence Generator Pro Platesolve: ASTAP Rotator/Control: Pegasus Unity Platform
Imaging Status
Imaging Software: Sequence Generated Focus Good HFR 1.94 Platesolve: Good on 2nd attempt
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Guide Scope Data
Telescope: Stellarvue SV90 refractor Camera: ZWO ASI290 Focuser: Optec DirectSync SVX30
Dew Heater: Kendrick dew strip Software: PHD2 Exposure: 2 sec Binning: 1x1 Tracking Result: 0.65 arc-seconds RMS
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Images Taken
Number of light frames: 154 Duration: 2 minute Gain: Unity Gain
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C Binning: 1x1 F-Stop: 7.0
Total Integration Time: 5.13 hours
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Number of flat frames: 50 Duration: 0.15 seconds Gain: Unity Gain
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C Binning: 1x1 F-Stop: 7.0
Flat Field Illumination: All-Pro 'Spike-a-Flat Field standard' illuminated panel
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Number of Dark frames: 50 (from library) Duration: 2 minutes Gain: Unity Gain
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C Binning: 1x1 F-Stop: 7.0
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Number of Bias frames: 50 (from library) Duration: 0.001 seconds Gain: Unity Gain
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C Binning: 1x1 F-Stop: 7.0
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Imaging Processing
Imaging Processing Software: PixInsight
Processes utilized: Linear - calibration/integration: Flats ImageCalibration with Master Bias, Flat ImageIntegration, Images ImageCalibration with Flat Master & Dark Master, Debayer, SubFrameSelector, StarAlign, ImageIntegration
Linear - Background extraction, Color correction, deconvolution, noise reduction: DynamicCrop, AutomaticBackgroundExtraction, ImageSolve, SpectroPhotometricColorCalibration, BlurXTerminator
Non-Linear: GeneralizedHyperbolicStretch script, NoiseXterminator, HistogramTransformation, StarReduction script, MultiscaleLinearTransform for sharpening.
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Notes:
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